제2유형 조건문
형태
제2유형 조건문의 if절은 단순 과거이며, 주절의 시제는 조건문 현재형이거나 조건문 현재 진행형입니다.
| If절 (조건) | 주절 (결과) |
|---|---|
| If + 단순 과거 | 조건문 현재 또는 조건문 현재 진행형 |
| If this thing happened | that thing would happen. |
모든 조건문들의 경우에서 처럼, 절의 순서는 정해져 있지 않습니다. 절의 순서를 변경하는 경우엔 대명사를 재배치하고 구두점을 조절해야 할 수도 있습니다. 하지만 의미는 동일합니다.
예
- If it rained, you would get wet.
- You would get wet if it rained.
- If you went to bed earlier you wouldn't be so tired.
- You wouldn't be so tired if you went to bed earlier.
- If she fell, she would hurt herself.
- She would hurt herself if she fell.
기능
제2유형 조건문은 가능하지 않거나 가상적인 조건과 가능한 그 결과를 언급합니다. 이 문장들은 실제적 상황에 근거하지 않습니다. 제2유형 조건문의 시간은 지금 또는 언제든지이며 상황은 가상적입니다.
예
- If the weather wasn't so bad, we would go to the park. (But the weather is bad so we can't go.)
- If I was the Queen of England, I would give everyone a chicken. (But I am not the Queen.)
- If you really loved me, you would buy me a diamond ring.
- If I knew where she lived, I would go and see her.
"if I was" 대신 "if I were"라고 말하는 것은 올바르고, 매우 일반적입니다 (가정법).
예
- If I were taller, I would buy this dress.
- If I were 20, I would travel the world.
- If I were you, I would give up smoking.
- If I were a plant, I would love the rain.
제2유형 조건문에서는 결과에 대한 확실성, 허가, 또는 권장의 정도를 표현하기 위해서 주절에 "would" 대신 조동사를 사용할 수도 있습니다.
예
- We might buy a larger house if we had more money
- He could go to the concert if you gave him your ticket.
- If he called me, I couldn't hear.
조건문 현재 시제
모든 동사의 조건문 현재는 두 요소로 구성됩니다:
would + "to"를 사용하지 않는 주동사의 부동사
| 주어 | + would | + 부정사 |
|---|---|---|
| He | would | go |
| They | would | stay |
To Go: 조건문 현재
| 긍정문 | 부정문 | 의문문 | 부정 의문문 |
|---|---|---|---|
| I would go | I wouldn't go | Would I go? | Wouldn't I go? |
| You would go | You wouldn't go | Would you go? | Wouldn't you go? |
| He would go | He wouldn't go | Would he go? | Wouldn't he go? |
| She would go | She wouldn't go | Would she go? | Wouldn't she go? |
| We would go | We wouldn't go | Would we go? | Wouldn't we go? |
| They would go | They wouldn't go | Would they go? | Wouldn't they go? |