간접 화법 사용시 동사의 시제 변경하는 방법
일반적으로, 간접 화법에서의 시제는 직접 화법의 시제에서 한 시제 이전입니다:
She said, "I am tired." = She said that she was tired.
| 직접 화법 인용구 | 상응하는 간접 화법 인용구 |
|---|---|
| 단순 현재형 | 단순 과거형 |
| "I always drink coffee", she said | She said that she always drank coffee. |
| 현재 진행형 | 과거 진행형 |
| "I am reading a book", he explained. | He explained that he was reading a book |
| 단순 과거형 | 과거 완료형 |
| "Bill arrived on Saturday", he said. | He said that Bill had arrived on Saturday. |
| 현재 완료형 | 과거 완료형 |
| "I have been to Spain", he told me. | He told me that he had been to Spain. |
| 과거 완료형 | 과거 완료형 |
| "I had just turned out the light," he explained. | He explained that he had just turned out the light. |
| 현재 완료 진행형 | 과거 완료 진행형 |
| They complained, "We have been waiting for hours". | They complained that they had been waiting for hours. |
| 과거 진행형 | 과거 완료 진행형 |
| "We were living in Paris", they told me. | They told me that they had been living in Paris. |
| 미래형 | 현재 조건절 |
| "I will be in Geneva on Monday", he said. | He said that he would be in Geneva on Monday. |
| 미래 진행형 | 조건절 진행형 |
| She said, "I'll be using the car next Friday". | She said that she would be using the car next Friday. |
간접 화법 동사가 현재형이거나 원래 진술이 여전히 진실인 무엇인가에 대한 것이었다면 시제를 변경할 필요가 없습니다.
- He says he has missed the train but he'll catch the next one.
- We explained that it is very difficult to find our house.
이 조동사들은 간접 화법에서 변경되지 않습니다: might, could, would, should, ought to:
- We explained, "It could be difficult to find our house." = We explained that it could be difficult to find our house.
- She said, "I might bring a friend to the party." = She said that she might bring a friend to the party.