단순 현재 시제
단순 현재 시제 용법:
-
습관, 일반적인 진리, 반복 행위 및 변하지 않는 상황, 감정 및 희망 표현시:
I smoke (습관); I work in London (변하지 않는 상황); London is a large city (일반적인 진리) -
안내 지침 및 방향 설명시:
You walk for two hundred meters, then you turn left. -
현재나 미래의 정해진 약속 표현시:
Your exam starts at 09.00 -
다음과 같은 일부 접속사와 함께 미래 시간 표현시: after, when, before, as soon as, until:
He'll give it to you when you come next Saturday.
조심하세요! 단순 현재형은 지금 일어나고 있는 사건이나 행위를 표현하기 위해서 사용하지 않습니다.
예
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습관
He drinks tea at breakfast.
She only eats fish.
They watch television regularly. -
반복적인 사건이나 행위
We catch the bus every morning.
It rains every afternoon in the hot season.
They drive to Monaco every summer. -
일반적인 진리
Water freezes at zero degrees.
The Earth revolves around the Sun.
Her mother is Peruvian.
-
사용 설명이나 방향
Open the packet and pour the contents into hot water.
You take the No.6 bus to Watney and then the No.10 to Bedford. -
정해진 약속
His mother arrives tomorrow.
Our holiday starts on the 26th March -
미래 문구와 같이
She'll see you before she leaves.
We'll give it to her when she arrives.
단순 현재 시제 만들기: to think
| 긍정문 | 의문문 | 부정문 |
|---|---|---|
| I think | Do I think? | I do not think |
| You think | Do you think? | You do not think |
| He thinks | Does he think? | He does not think |
| She thinks | Does she think? | She does not think |
| It thinks | Does it think? | It does not think |
| We think | Do we think? | We do not think. |
| They think | Do they think? | They do not think. |
제3인칭 단수 단순 현재형에 대한 메모
-
제3인칭 단수 동사는 항상 -s로 끈난다:
he wants, she needs, he gives, she thinks. -
부정문과 의문문에서는 DOES (= 조동사 'DO'의 제3인칭형) + 동사의 부정형을 사용한다:
He wants ice cream. Does he want strawberry? He does not want vanilla. -
-y로 끝나는 동사: 제3인칭형은 -y를 -ies로 변경한다:
fly --> flies, cry --> cries
예외: -y 앞에 모음이 있는 경우:
play --> plays, pray --> prays -
-ss, -x, -sh, -ch로 끝나는 동사에는 -es를 붙인다:
he passes, she catches, he fixes, it pushes
예
- He goes to school every morning.
- She understands English.
- It mixes the sand and the water.
- He tries very hard.
- She enjoys playing the piano.